anarchist known Russian contemporary of Karl Marx. It is possibly the best known of the first generation of anarchist philosophers. He is considered one of the "fathers of anarchism", in which he defended the thesis of collectivism. born into an aristocratic family of Priamújino people in the department of Tver, northwest of Moscow on May 18, 1814. After completing military service, lived in Moscow and St. Petersburg translating German writers like Fichte and Hegel. In 1842, he traveled to Germany and soon comes into contact with the leaders of the young German socialist movement in Berlin. From there, he traveled to Paris, where he met Pierre-Joseph Proudhon and George Sand and also made contact with the Polish exiles. Paris travels to Switzerland, where he lived a while, taking active part in all socialist movements.
During his time in Switzerland, the Russian government ordered back to Russia. His disobedience led to their property was confiscated. In 1848, after his return to Paris, published a fiery harangues against Russia, with which manages to be expelled from France. The revolutionary movement of 1848 gives you the chance to enter a violent campaign of democratic agitation and its participation in the Dresden Uprising of 1849 was stopped and he is condemned to death, which I commuted to life imprisonment. Finally, Bakunin is delivered to the Russian authorities, who imprisoned and then sent to a concentration camp in eastern Siberia in 1855.
Building permits, escapes from Japan into the United States, crosses the Panama Canal, arrive in New York City, where he is greeted by some American characters like the writer Henry Longfellow and stays there some time meeting with people close to the local labor movement, then goes to England in 1861. The rest of his life in exile in Western Europe, mainly in Switzerland. In 1868 he founded the International Alliance call Socialist Democracy, whose program claimed a series of reforms that were the basis of the political doctrine of Bakunin: the abolition of nation states and the formation of federations instead consist of free agricultural and industrial associations, the abolition of social classes of heredity, gender equality and the organization of workers outside the political parties. However, it rejects the entry of the Workers' International Alliance, being an international organization, admitted only when national organizations. For that reason, the Alliance was disbanded and its members joined the International separately. In 1870 he founded the Committee for the Salvation of France, an association that led the insurrection of the Commune of Lyon. During the First International, the differences between his and Marx's ideas led to the expulsion of anarchists from within the organization during the congress in The Hague, held in 1872. Bakunin spent his last years in Switzerland, living in poverty and without further encouragement that the correspondence he had with small groups of anarchists.
has been called Bakunin developed anarchism, anarcho-collectivism and collectivist anarchism. Together with Pierre-Joseph Proudhon and Peter Kropotkin is one of the most important theorists of anarchism and practically is the first great promoter of anarchism as a political movement and popular.
For Bakunin Anarchism is a free society without government or authority whose center of gravity is at work, the factor of production, means and distribution and to be organized by the federation of producers and consumers from the base to be pooled together in confederations. No need, therefore, government, legislative, executive powers to monopolize violence, etc. Yet Bakunin's vision to each must repay it as the work carried out so as to prevent the emergence of a leisure class that parasitize the work of free associations.
exposed his thoughts in a voluminous work, and was his disciple James Guillaume, who, between 1907 and 1913, in Paris, is responsible to collect and edit all your books.
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